How can a Camshaft Fail?
The camshaft plays a vital role in the function of an engine. Kept in time by the timing chain or belt, the camshaft opens and closes the engine valves, to allow the intake and exhaust of the combustion chamber, in a way to ensure they don’t collide with the pistons. Read more about camshafts>
While camshaft failure on its own is rare, there are a number of factors that can contribute to the failure of this part.
5 ways a Camshaft can Fail
Lack of Oil Change
As the camshaft operates by rubbing its metal lobes on metal followers it needs to be kept well lubricated. Regular oil changes are necessary to ensure that the camshaft lobes and followers are appropriately lubricated.
Improper Break-in
When using a flat tappet cam, in order to ensure proper lubrication, it needs to be broken in. The camshaft and tappets need to have the correct manufacturer specified lubricant applied to them. Without this the flat tappets can suffer from premature wear.
Pairing Old Lifters with a New Cam
Due to flat followers spinning while in use, they have a very specific wear pattern which matches the lobe it is paired with. When installing a new flat tappet camshaft it is essential to also change the followers. This wear pattern will prevent the follower from spinning on a new camshaft and this can cause extreme wear on both components.
Roller lifters don’t need to be changed, however they should be cleaned and inspected for any damage.
Incorrect Valve Spring Pressure
Valve springs play an important role in the cylinder head. It is the part responsible for ensuring the followers stay in contact with the cam lobes, allowing the valve to close. It is important to ensure the correct spring pressure is used as it can cause performance to suffer while also being at risk of causing damage.
Damaged Camshaft
Ultimately, the camshaft is a part that needs delicate handling up-to and during fitting. Hard impact can cause microfractures to form and this will eventually lead to the cam breaking while in operation. Additionally, if there is a fault, the connecting rod or other rotating parts can strike the lobes.
What are the Symptoms of a Failing Camshaft?
When the camshaft lobes are worn, the engine valve clearance will increase making them noisier. A clear tapping or knocking sound is a sign that the cam lobes have worn. Some of the other symptoms include:
- Cylinder misfire
- Engine backfire
- Metal debris in engine oil
If the camshaft is suspected to be faulty it should be visually inspected. Scored journals, worn-out lobes or any scratching and damage is indicative of a fault. Additionally, all the above symptoms should leave an error code in the vehicle ECU, activating the check engine light.
What Happens when the Camshaft Fails?
Should the camshaft completely fail the engine valves will not open and close and intended. Not only can this lead to the issues laid out above but ultimately can cause the pistons and valves to collide. This damage can completely right off an engine. If there is a presumed fault in the camshaft it is vital to have it checked as soon as possible to avoid extensive damage.
GT Automotive Camshafts
With over 2,000 part numbers over the last 40 years, we are confident in the quality of our camshafts. Our factory is an established global OE manufacturer, producing both steel and chilled-cast for the aftermarket and our OE client base.
We have brought this same attention to detail in our range of aftermarket camshafts. You can rest assured knowing that each GT Automotive part is backed by 4 decades of OE experience and comes with a year/12,000 miles warranty.
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